Factory Act 1948

Factory means any premises including the precincts thereof:

 (a) Where 10 or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power or ordinarily so carried on ; 

 (b) Where twenty or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months and any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power or is ordinarily so carried on. 

Sec. 2

 (a) of Factories Act an adult is a person who has completed his eighteenth year of age. 

According to Sec. 2 (b) of Factories Act adolescent means a person who has completed his fifteenth year of age but has not completed his eighteenth year. 

A young person is a person who is either a child or an adolescent. It means that, a young person is a person who is below eighteen years of age. 

 According to Sec. 2(e), of the Factories Act, 1948, a worker means a person employed directly or by through any agency with or without the knowledge of the principal employer; whether for remuncration or mat, in any manufacturing process; or in cleaning any part of the machinery or premises used for a manufacturing process, or in any other kind of work incidental to or connected with the manufacturing process, but does not include any member of armed forces of the union. 

The following staff appointed under the Factories Act, 1948, shall be deemed to be the inspecting staff:

 (a) Chief inspector of factories.

 (b) Additional chief inspector, joint chief inspectors, deputy chief inspectors of factories.

 (c) Inspectors of factories.

 (d) Any other officer appointed under the 

The state government may, by notification in the official gazette, appoint any person to be a chief inspector of factories.

 

The certifying surgeons shall carry out such duties as may prescribed in connection with: 

(a) the examination and certification of young persons under this Act 

(b) the exercising of medical supervision for any factory in respect of 1) illness that has occurred due to the nature of the manufacturing process or other condition of work 

(n) injury that is likely to be caused to the health of workers by reason of the adoption of any new manufacturing process or of change in the existing process or of use of any new substance in a manufacturing process 

Principal Employer [Sec.2(17)] : Principal employer means the following

 (a) In a factory, the owner or occupier of the factory and includes the managing agent of such owner of occupier, the legal representative of a deceased owner or occupier and where a person has been named as the manager of the factory under the Factories Act. 

1948, the person so named: 

(b) In any establishment under the control of any department of the government in India the authority appointed by such government in this behalf or where no authority is so appointed the head of the department 

(c) In any other establishment, any person responsible for the supervision and control of the establishment A director of a company where there is no managing agent or a manager will be the principal employer if he is responsible for the supervision and control of the company is principal employer 

Following are the various provisions of welfare for factory workers 

(a) Washing facilities. 

(C) Facilities for setting 

(e) Canteen facilities.

 (b) Facilities for storing and drying clothing

 (d) First aid appliances

 .

 Prime mover means any engine, motor or other appliance which generates or otherwise 

Week means a period of seven days beginning at midnight on Saturday night or such other night as may be approved in wTiting by the chief inspector of factories 

 

Employment of Women Workers:

 All the provisions of the Factories Act relating to the employment and hours of work of an adult male workers also apply to adult female workers except the following provisions which apply only to female workers

 (a) Work on or near in machinery in motion [Sec. 22).

 (b) Prohibition of employment near cotton opener (Sec 27]. (c) Creches [Sec 48]. 

(d) Working hours (Secs.51 and 54].

 (e) Restriction on employment of women [Sec. 66].

 (f) Effect of certificate of fitness [Sec. 70 (1AJ] (8) Prohibiting employment of women in dangerous operations [Sec. 87 (b)].