Factors Influencing Plant Layout
Factors Influencing Plant Layout
Factors Influencing Plant Layout
While choosing the layout for a factory, the following factors should be taken into consideration
V1. Management Policy:
Management has to decide on many matters, eg nature and quality ol products. size of the plant, integration of production process, plans for expansion, amount of inventory in stock, employee facilities etc A.
Manufacturing Process :
The type of manufacturing process, eg synthetic/analytical continuous/intermittent and repetitive/non-repetitive, will given the types of plant layout .
Nature of Product :
The type of product to be manufactured affects plant layout in several ways Small and light products can be moved easily to the machines where as for heavy and bully products the machines may have to be moved. Large and heavy equipment requires assembly bays One or a few standardised products can better be produced through product layout while process layout is more useful for producing a large variety of non-standardised products. Quality and fragility of the product also influence the layout
V4.
Volume of Production: The plant layout and material handling equipment in the large-scale organisation will be different from the same in the small-scale manufacturing industry
5. Type of Equipment : The use of single purpose and multi-purpose machines substantially affects the plant layout. Similarly. noisy and vibrating machines require special attention in the plant layout decision.
6. Type of Building: The plant layout in a single storey building will be different from that in a multi-storey building. The covered area, the number of storeys, elevators and stairs, parking and storage area all affect the layout.
Vi. Availability of Total Floor Area : The allocation of space for machines, work-benches sub-stores, aisles etc. is made on the basis of the available floor area. Use of overhead space is made in case of shortage of space.
VB. Arrangement of Material Handling Equipments:
The plant layout and material handling services are closely related and the latter has a decisive effect on the arrangement of production process and plant services. It is necessary to provide adequate aisles for free movement of materia! handlung equipment, such as hand truck, fork truck etc.
9. Service Facilities : The layout of factory must include proper service facilities required for che comfort and welfare of workers. These include canteen, lockers, drinking water first aid rie
V10. Possibility of Future Expansion : Plant layout is made in the light of future requirements and installations of additional facilities.
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